vscode

教程：ubuntu 下 vscode 编译下载调试 rt-thread stm32 程序

发布于 2019-08-07 00:25:35 浏览：7782 订阅该版

[tocm]

先上结果：

![调试效果预览图.png](/uploads/201908/07/003911jmn5hfbghs5i9inh.png)

## 步骤一：rt-thread 源码下载及编译

步骤一可跳过，参考下面官方文档链接里更详细的说明

[官网教程链接](https://www.rt-thread.org/document/site/application-note/setup/qemu/ubuntu/an0005-qemu-ubuntu/)

#### 下载 rt-thread 国内镜像源码

```
git clone https://gitee.com/rtthread/rt-thread.git
```

```
sudo apt install scons
```

```
sudo apt install libncurses5-dev
```

解压 gcc-arm-none-eabi 工具链到指定目录:

![解压gcc.png](https://oss-club.rt-thread.org/uploads/20230328/ea8dc764849e4246b180da313918ca3b.png.webp)

进入 `rt-thread/bsp/stm32/stm32f429-atk-apollo` 目录，执行命令 `scons --dist` ,生成一个干净单一的 stm32f429 工程。
将 `rt-thread/bsp/stm32/stm32f429-atk-apollo/dist` 目录下的 stm32 工程拷贝到你喜欢的地方。

进入刚刚拷贝的 stm32 工程里，编辑 rtconfig.py 文件。

![编辑rtconfig.png](https://oss-club.rt-thread.org/uploads/20230328/dbefcfd2ed8810ad5ce6466ed54968c0.png.webp)

将 gcc-arm-none-eabi 工具链的路径填入如下图相应的位置。

![编辑rtconfig填入gcc路径.png](https://oss-club.rt-thread.org/uploads/20230328/b89ef9c2f4d43e2867a4af71950cde91.png.webp)

在拷贝的工程目录下输入 `scons` 命令即可编译 rt-thread 源码。

![scons编译rt-thread1.png](https://oss-club.rt-thread.org/uploads/20230328/676875fc0c5f33a38d2c0e4f3d3fd344.png.webp)

![scons编译rt-thread2.png](https://oss-club.rt-thread.org/uploads/20230328/a687963efc40b35e0bcb1d319955493f.png.webp)

## 步骤二： openOCD 最新源码下载编译及安装

#### 下载 openocd 在 github 上的最新镜像源码

```c
git clone https://github.com/ntfreak/openocd.git
```

![openocd源码下载.png](https://oss-club.rt-thread.org/uploads/20230328/451a269ccdcbc4ef4c7f18a512670607.png)

#### 安装编译 openocd 需要的相关库

```c
sudo apt-get install build-essential pkg-config autoconf automake libtool libusb-dev libusb-1.0-0-dev libhidapi-dev
```
```c
sudo apt-get install libtool libsysfs-dev
```

![openocd相关库安装.png](https://oss-club.rt-thread.org/uploads/20230328/20b7722b59e89623444a6097f337dd30.png.webp)
![openocd相关库安装2.png](https://oss-club.rt-thread.org/uploads/20230328/b696dbf8091aa490f35c23f28b127263.png.webp)

#### 编译安装

```c
sudo ./bootstrap
```

![openocd编译安装1.png](https://oss-club.rt-thread.org/uploads/20230328/a68645142ff65e2d1f0a026bdfe6e9f4.png.webp)

```c
sudo ./configure
```

![openocd编译安装2.png](https://gitee.com/balanceTWK/blogs/raw/master/openocd/openocd%E7%BC%96%E8%AF%91%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%852.png)

```c
sudo make
```

![openocd编译安装](https://gitee.com/balanceTWK/blogs/raw/master/openocd/openocd%E7%BC%96%E8%AF%91%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%853.png)

```c
sudo make install
```

![openocd编译安装](https://gitee.com/balanceTWK/blogs/raw/master/openocd/openocd%E7%BC%96%E8%AF%91%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%854.png)

#### 使用测试

```c
openocd --version
```

![openocd编译安装](https://gitee.com/balanceTWK/blogs/raw/master/openocd/openocd%E7%BC%96%E8%AF%91%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%855.png)

```c
sudo openocd -f /usr/local/share/openocd/scripts/interface/cmsis-dap.cfg -f /usr/local/share/openocd/scripts/target/stm32f4x.cfg
```

我使用的仿真器是 DAP ，目标开发板芯片是 STM32F429 。如果你使用的是其他仿真器以及目标芯片，只需将 ```cmsis-dap.cfg```  , ``` stm32f4x.cfg``` 替换即可。

![openocd测试](https://gitee.com/balanceTWK/blogs/raw/master/openocd/openocd%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%951.png)

上述步骤开启了 GDB 服务器，此时我们需要使用 telnet 登录到这个服务器，进行一些测试操作。

```c
telnet localhost 4444
```
输入 halt 命令，芯片停止运行。

```c
halt
```
输入 reset 命令，芯片复位重启。

```c
reset
```

![openocd测试](https://gitee.com/balanceTWK/blogs/raw/master/openocd/openocd%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%952.png)

如果要烧录 bin 文件到目标芯片，先输入 ```halt``` 停止芯片，然后输入 
```
flash write_image erase /home/tang/Desktop/stm32f429-atk-apollo/rtthread.bin 0x8000000
```
烧录 bin 文件到目标芯片，地址为 0x8000000。如下图所示：

```c
flash write_image erase /home/tang/Desktop/stm32f429-atk-apollo/rtthread.bin 0x8000000
```

![openocd测试](https://gitee.com/balanceTWK/blogs/raw/master/openocd/openocd%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%953.png)

以上步骤是 rt-thread 源码的编译与下载，后面等我整理完接下来的步骤截图，将介绍如何使用 `vscode + openocd + gcc-arm-none-eabi-gdb` 调试代码。

## 步骤三： ubuntu 下 vscode 单步调试 rt-thread 程序

#### 效果预览

未完待续。。。。。。

![调试效果预览图](https://gitee.com/balanceTWK/blogs/raw/master/openocd/%E8%B0%83%E8%AF%95%E6%95%88%E6%9E%9C%E9%A2%84%E8%A7%88%E5%9B%BE.png)

36 个回答

来一颗糖 2019-08-07

这家伙很懒，什么也没写！

## 步骤三： ubuntu 下 vscode 单步调试 rt-thread 程序

进入用户主目录，编辑该目录下的 .profile 文件,将 gcc-arm-none-eabi 工具链 的路径添加到环境变量中。

![将工具链加入到环境变量中1.png](https://oss-club.rt-thread.org/uploads/20230328/dcbe1c60def0e627c4f90b553b27337a.png)

在 .profile 文件末尾加上 
```
export PATH=/home/tang/toolchain/gcc-arm-none-eabi-8-2019-q3-update/bin:$PATH
```

![将工具链加入到环境变量中2.png](https://oss-club.rt-thread.org/uploads/20230328/901c187bda72b41f7001e04f3c6ec0f0.png.webp)

输入命令 
```
soruce ~/.profile
``` 
使刚刚配置的环境变量生效。

![将工具链加入到环境变量中3.png](https://oss-club.rt-thread.org/uploads/20230328/d4f58b68b1af25f5e1bd295f408af5b4.png)

进入我们先前拷贝的 stm32 工程目录，输入 scons --target=vsc 命令生成，vscode 的文件索引。

```
scons --target=vsc -s
```

![生成vscode文件索引.png](https://oss-club.rt-thread.org/uploads/20230328/c0f51d0a70e4e518f8dd5e388493cf7a.png.webp)

输入 code ./ 命令打开 vscode 。

```
code ./
```

![打开vscode.png](https://oss-club.rt-thread.org/uploads/20230328/f93655c2f685de3ccca346d55f49f7ea.png.webp)

给 vscode 添加任务

![vscode任务1.png](https://oss-club.rt-thread.org/uploads/20230328/2845a452a98fdad229ed2a1f9ed0269f.png.webp)

编辑 task.json 文件，添加如下三个任务：

- 1. openocd server：用于开启 openocd GDB 服务器。
- 2. rebuild：用于重新编译工程。
- 3. build：用于编译工程。

![vscode任务2.png](https://oss-club.rt-thread.org/uploads/20230328/b4ee418276138789ea889c53b496ddba.png.webp)

task.json 文件内容如下：

```json
{
    // See https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=733558
    // for the documentation about the tasks.json format
    "version": "2.0.0",
    "tasks": [
        {
            "label": "openocd",
            "type": "shell",
            "command": "sudo openocd -f /usr/local/share/openocd/scripts/interface/cmsis-dap.cfg -f /usr/local/share/openocd/scripts/target/stm32f4x.cfg && exit"
        },
        {
            "label": "scons",
            "type": "shell",
            "command": "scons -c && scons -j4 && exit",
            "problemMatcher": []
        },
        {
            "label": "telnet localhost 4444",
            "type": "shell",
            "command": "telnet localhost 4444 && exit"
        }
    ],
}
```

为 vscode 添加 Debug 配置

![vscode添加调试1.png](https://oss-club.rt-thread.org/uploads/20230328/5e21b58adeb48f9291b7c42ee1a68462.png.webp)

编辑 launch.json 文件， 需要注意修改的地方如下图红框框所示：

![vscode添加调试2.png](https://oss-club.rt-thread.org/uploads/20230328/d07308e162561c09613dcf7df1b5693a.png.webp)

launch.json 文件内容如下：

```json
{
    // 使用 IntelliSense 了解相关属性。 
    // 悬停以查看现有属性的描述。
    // 欲了解更多信息，请访问: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=830387
    "version": "0.2.0",
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "debug Launch",
            "type": "cppdbg",
            "request": "launch",
            "targetArchitecture": "arm",
            "program": "stm32",
            "args": [""],
            "stopAtEntry": true,
            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
            "environment": [],
            "externalConsole": true,
            "MIMode": "gdb",
            "miDebuggerPath": "/home/tang/toolchain/gcc-arm-none-eabi-8-2019-q3-update/bin/arm-none-eabi-gdb",
            "setupCommands": [
                {
                    "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
                    "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
                    "ignoreFailures": true
                }
            ],
            "launchCompleteCommand": "None",
            "miDebuggerServerAddress": "localhost:3333",
            "customLaunchSetupCommands": [
                {
                    "text": "target remote :3333",
                    "description": "connect to server",
                    "ignoreFailures": false
                },
                {
                    "text": "file /home/tang/workspace/stm32f429-atk-apollo/rt-thread.elf",
                    "description": "load file to gdb",
                    "ignoreFailures": false
                },
                {
                    "text": "load",
                    "description": "download file to MCU",
                    "ignoreFailures": false
                },
                {
                    "text": "monitor reset",
                    "description": "reset MCU",
                    "ignoreFailures": false
                },
                {
                    "text": "b main",
                    "description": "set breakpoints at main",
                    "ignoreFailures": false
                },
            ]
        }
    ]
}
```

### 最后一步

在 vscode 界面下，按 F1 键，输入 ```Tasks: Run Task``` 回车。

![启动调试](https://oss-club.rt-thread.org/uploads/20230328/4cba52c286908b3fb60be5b9612a880758dc6b74.png)

上下键选择 build 编译工程。

![启动调试](https://oss-club.rt-thread.org/uploads/20230328/a0aeb5c1f313bfc41bde9f1e903a5415d903d9b4.png)

![启动调试](https://oss-club.rt-thread.org/uploads/20230328/889536d2a2189f0b11a4dc3d0f38434b77b6e82c.png)

上下键选择 openocd server 启动 openocd 服务器。

![启动调试](https://oss-club.rt-thread.org/uploads/20230328/29f63f4129464e58bfbd30f966b0b961729a03f2.png)

![启动调试](https://oss-club.rt-thread.org/uploads/20230328/889536d2a2189f0b11a4dc3d0f38434b77b6e82c.png)

### 输入 sudo 密码

![启动调试](https://oss-club.rt-thread.org/uploads/20230328/246f7fd9af3b9acf3a79f5149f1698e60bef2abd.png)

按 F5 键 或如下图所示，启动调试。