RT-Thread-睿擎工业开发平台--SPI使用和测四RT-Thread问答社区

睿擎工业开发平台--SPI使用和测四

发布于 2025-06-17 16:56:44 浏览：91 订阅该版

[tocm]

# spi外设配置与使用
**测试时间2025-6-17**
`本次测试是在我的认知范围内测试，如有不对，还请海涵，也希望官方早日修复`
## 1.配置PinMux

![screenshot_image.png](https://oss-club.rt-thread.org/uploads/20250617/44ecdd6c9fd06e41b26ce313c2f8d731.png.webp)
## 2.编译烧录dtb

> list device

![screenshot_image-20250617114557562.png](https://oss-club.rt-thread.org/uploads/20250617/1da757e89158f9c29efc5361d6cbc260.png)

## 3.查看设备

命令行

```c
msh />spi
Usage: spi <command> [options]

available commands:
  list            spi list [-v]
  init            spi init -b <bus> -d <device> -c <cs_pin>
  config          spi config -d <device> -s <speed> -m <mode> -l <lsb> -b <bits>
  trans           spi trans -d <device> -v <value> -l <l>

```

挂载设备

>spi init -b spi0 -d flash -c 24

在设备列表中多了一个`flash`设备

```
msh />
msh />spi init -b spi0 -d flash -c 11
msh />list device
device                                   type         ref count
-------------------------------- -------------------- ----------
flash                            SPI Device           0
rtc                              RTC                  0
wdt1                             WDT Device           0
wdt0                             WDT Device           0
spi0                             SPI Bus              0
otp                              Character Device     0
e1                               Network Interface    1
e0                               Network Interface    1
userdata                         MTD Device           1
rootfs                           MTD Device           0
app                              MTD Device           0

```

配置设备

> spi config -d flash -s 1000000 -m 2 -l lsb -b 8

```
msh />
msh />spi config -d flash -s 1000000 -m 0 -l lsb -b 8
[spi] flash config success

```

收发测试

>spi trans -d flash -v 12345678 -l 4

```c
msh />
msh />
msh />
msh />spi trans -d flash -v 12345678 -l 4
trans:4,[4E 4E 4E 4E]
recv:4,[00 00 00 00]
msh />

```

![screenshot_image-20250617152452752.png](https://oss-club.rt-thread.org/uploads/20250617/5b96351383d655ed0f3c171fdc49ade4.png)

## 代码测试

1. 首先挂载spi设备
2. 配置设备参数

```c
/**
 * RT-Thread RuiChing
 *
 * COPYRIGHT (C) 2024-2025 Shanghai Real-Thread Electronic Technology Co., Ltd.
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * The license and distribution terms for this file may be
 * found in the file LICENSE in this distribution.
 */
#include <rtthread.h>
#include <rtdbg.h>
#include <cJson.h>
#include <rtdevice.h>

#define W25Q_SPI_DEVICE_NAME     "flash"

int main(void)
{
    rt_kprintf("Hello, RT-Thread app\n");
     rt_kprintf("cJson %s\n",cJSON_Version());
     LOG_D("debug");
     LOG_I("infomation");
     LOG_W("waring");

LOG_E("error");

struct rt_spi_device *spi_dev_w25q;
     spi_dev_w25q = (struct rt_spi_device *)rt_malloc(sizeof(struct rt_spi_device));
     if (RT_EOK != rt_spi_bus_attach_device_cspin(spi_dev_w25q, W25Q_SPI_DEVICE_NAME, "spi0",25, RT_NULL))
         {
             LOG_E("Failed to attach the spi device.");
             return -RT_ERROR;
         }

struct rt_spi_configuration cfg;
     cfg.data_width = 8;
     cfg.mode = RT_SPI_MASTER | RT_SPI_MODE_2 | RT_SPI_MSB;
     cfg.max_hz = 20  *1000;                           /* 20M */

if (RT_EOK !=rt_spi_configure(spi_dev_w25q, &cfg))
      {
         LOG_E("rt_spi_configure error");
 //                   return -RT_ERROR;
       }

return 0;
}

/*
 * 程序清单：这是一个 SPI 设备使用例程
 * 例程导出了 spi_w25q_sample 命令到控制终端
 * 命令调用格式：spi_w25q_sample spi10
 * 命令解释：命令第二个参数是要使用的SPI设备名称，为空则使用默认的SPI设备
 * 程序功能：通过SPI设备读取 w25q 的 ID 数据
*/

#include <rtthread.h>

static void spi_w25q_sample(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    struct rt_spi_device *spi_dev_w25q;
    char name[RT_NAME_MAX];
    rt_uint8_t w25x_read_id = 0x90;
    rt_uint8_t id[5] = {0};

/* 查找 spi 设备获取设备句柄 */
    spi_dev_w25q = (struct rt_spi_device *)rt_device_find(W25Q_SPI_DEVICE_NAME);
    if (!spi_dev_w25q)
    {
        rt_kprintf("spi sample run failed! can't find %s device!\n", name);
    }
    else
    {
        /* 方式1：使用 rt_spi_send_then_recv()发送命令读取ID */
//        rt_spi_send_then_recv(spi_dev_w25q, &w25x_read_id, 1, id, 5);
//        rt_kprintf("use rt_spi_send_then_recv() read w25q ID is:%x%x\n", id[3], id[4]);

/* 方式2：使用 rt_spi_transfer_message()发送命令读取ID */
        struct rt_spi_message msg1, msg2;

uint8_t send_buff[5]={1,2,3,4,5};
                msg1.send_buf   = &send_buff;
                msg1.recv_buf   = RT_NULL;
                msg1.length     = 5;
                msg1.cs_take    = 1;
                msg1.cs_release = 0;
                msg1.next       = &msg2;

uint8_t send_buff2[5]={0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff};
                msg2.send_buf   = RT_NULL;
//                msg2.send_buf   = send_buff2;
                msg2.recv_buf   = id;
                msg2.length     = 5;
                msg2.cs_take    = 0;
                msg2.cs_release = 1;
                msg2.next       = RT_NULL;

rt_spi_transfer_message(spi_dev_w25q, &msg1);
                LOG_HEX("spi recv",16,id,5);
//                rt_kprintf("use rt_spi_transfer_message() read w25q ID is:%x%x\n", id[3], id[4]);

}
}
/* 导出到 msh 命令列表中 */
MSH_CMD_EXPORT(spi_w25q_sample, spi w25q sample);

```

## 测试发现的问题

1. `rt_spi_configure`API的返回值不对
2. spi 读取数据异常-当send_buff=RT_NULL时发现spi_clk没有发出波形

###
`rt_spi_configure`API的返回值不对

![screenshot_image-20250617154633489.png](https://oss-club.rt-thread.org/uploads/20250617/94e2b95d64d0034f8e640c309b9f6ead.png.webp)

### spi 读取数据异常
	测试send_buff=RT_NULL

![screenshot_image-20250617163504241.png](https://oss-club.rt-thread.org/uploads/20250617/8ad3800df749b3ebcbdb4d36ee192cc5.png.webp)

#### 当send_buff 不为空时spi_clk发出了波形
![screenshot_image-20250617162122366.png](https://oss-club.rt-thread.org/uploads/20250617/e19b5b75338ca3067a63de93eef03ef3.png.webp)

![screenshot_image-20250617162713612.png](https://oss-club.rt-thread.org/uploads/20250617/8e64a353e6c0312ccda40a854240b0ca.png.webp)