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RT-Thread C++11 Support

发布于 2021-09-23 14:13:17 浏览：2903 订阅该版

[tocm]

在最近的更新中，RT-Thread 增加了对 gcc 和 armclang 的 cpp11 支持。目前支持的 cpp11 特性如下所示：

- Atomic
- Conditional variables
- Clocks
- Future
- Mutexes
- Threads
- TLS

## 如何使用

在 RT-Thread 中使用 cpp11 需要对工具链进行修改。在使用前，请对工具链进行备份。

1. 下载 [gcc](https://developer.arm.com/tools-and-software/open-source-software/developer-tools/gnu-toolchain/gnu-rm) 工具链：

```
   gcc version 10.2.1 20201103 (release) (GNU Arm Embedded Toolchain 10-2020-q4-major)
   ```

2. 在 rt-thread/bsp/qemu-vexpress-a9 工程下使用 menuconfig 打开 cpp11 支持：

![image.png](https://oss-club.rt-thread.org/uploads/20210923/46284be7b100baa9f226ee8c29e9630c.png.webp)

3. 删除工具链目录中的下面这些文件：

```
   rm -f toolchain/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/10.2.1/thread
   rm -f toolchain/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/10.2.1/mutex
   rm -f toolchain/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/10.2.1/condition_variable
   rm -f toolchain/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/10.2.1/future
   rm -f toolchain/arm-none-eabi/include/pthread.h
   ```

4. 清空下面文件中的内容（注意不是删除）：

```
   toolchain/arm-none-eabi/include/sys/_pthreadtypes.h
   ```
   
5. 设置工具链路径：

```
   set RTT_EXEC_PATH=D:\software\tools\gcc-arm-none-eabi-10.3-2021.07-win32\gcc-arm-none-eabi-10.3-2021.07\bin
   ```
   
6. 修改 rtconfig.py 文件，添加 c++ 编译参数：

```
   CXXFLAGS = CFLAGS  + ' -std=c++11 -fabi-version=0 -MMD -MP -MF'
   ```
   
7. 输入 `scons` 编译工程

![image.png](https://oss-club.rt-thread.org/uploads/20210923/0ba5856f68601bad9ba0837af9cb1467.png.webp)

## 测试

通过 utest 框架来测试一下 RT-Thread 对 cpp11 的支持情况。这里只测试了 Thread 和 Mutex 两个特性。

![image.png](https://oss-club.rt-thread.org/uploads/20210923/a620684b7661ac93d59cfdbb96da24c9.png.webp)

### Thread

1. 在 applications 目录下，创建文件 `thread_tc.cpp` 并输入以下内容：

```
    #include <rtthread.h>
    #include "utest.h"
    #include <thread>
    
    static void test_thread(void)
    {
        int count = 0;
        auto func = [&]() mutable
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i)
            {
                ++count;
            }
        };
    
        std::thread t1(func);
        t1.join();
    
        if (count != 100)
        {
            uassert_false(1);
        }
    
        std::thread t2(func);
        t2.join();
    
        if (count != 200)
        {
            uassert_false(1);
        }
    
        uassert_true(1);
    }
    
    static rt_err_t utest_tc_init(void)
    {
        return RT_EOK;
    }
    
    static rt_err_t utest_tc_cleanup(void)
    {
        return RT_EOK;
    }
    
    static void testcase(void)
    {
        UTEST_UNIT_RUN(test_thread);
    }
    UTEST_TC_EXPORT(testcase, "components.cplusplus.thread_tc", utest_tc_init, utest_tc_cleanup, 10);
    ```

2. 输入 scons 编译工程，输入 qemu.bat 启动 qemu:

![image.png](https://oss-club.rt-thread.org/uploads/20210923/f3cfcca06d17c21fd483ffea043e9af6.png)

3. 输入 `utest_run` 运行测试用例：

![image.png](https://oss-club.rt-thread.org/uploads/20210923/e946a61d865b4d18a0042d10751adc14.png)

### Mutex

1. 在 applications 目录下，创建文件 `mutex_tc.cpp` 并输入以下内容：

```
    #include <rtthread.h>
    #include "utest.h"
    #include <thread>
    #include <mutex>
    
    static void test_mutex(void)
    {
        std::mutex m;
        int count = 0;
        auto func = [&]() mutable
        {
            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(m);
            for (int i = 0; i < 1000; ++i)
            {
                ++count;
            }
        };
    
        std::thread t1(func);
        std::thread t2(func);
    
        t1.join();
        t2.join();
    
        if (count != 2000)
        {
            uassert_false(1);
        }
        uassert_true(1);
    }
    
    static rt_err_t utest_tc_init(void)
    {
        return RT_EOK;
    }
    
    static rt_err_t utest_tc_cleanup(void)
    {
        return RT_EOK;
    }
    
    static void testcase(void)
    {
        UTEST_UNIT_RUN(test_mutex);
    }
    UTEST_TC_EXPORT(testcase, "components.cplusplus.mutex_tc", utest_tc_init, utest_tc_cleanup, 10);
   ```
   
2. 输入 scons 编译工程，输入 qemu.bat 启动 qemu:

![image.png](https://oss-club.rt-thread.org/uploads/20210923/ba838e354cc7b5e9acdb91cf4c5412d1.png)

3. 输入 `utest_run` 运行测试用例：

![image.png](https://oss-club.rt-thread.org/uploads/20210923/cf88b0ebdb6e9c8de1d93663683042cd.png)