RTC设备调用HAL_RTCEx_BKUPWrite()失败

发布于 2020-08-16 18:13:00 浏览：3098 订阅该版

实验：通过RT-Thread Studio使用NUCLEO-F413ZH的内置RTC
硬件：NUCLEO-F413ZH（注：电路上V(BAT)口已经连接到VDD）
软件：RT-Thread Studio
构建过程：基于芯片、使用4.0.2版本创建RT-Thread项目，打开的组件：finsh命令、ulog日志、libc、PM（电源管理）设备驱动程序等，勾选“rtc device”示例，在board.c中打开“#define BSP_USING_ONCHIP_RTC”，在stm32f4xx_hal_config.h中打开“#define BSP_USING_ONCHIP_RTC”。
问题现象：无论是在“rtc device”示例的rtc_sample()、rtc.c的date()、drv_rtc.c的rt_rtc_init()函数调用HAL_RTCEx_BKUPWrite()函数，都不能往RTC备份寄存器的RTC_BKP_DR1写入标志0xA5A5。
测试方法：使用msh调用“**rtc_sample**”或“**date 2018 01 01 23 59 59**”命令后，再调用“**reboot**”命令（USB持续供电）还会提示“**I/drv.rtc: RTC hasn't been configured, please use <date> command to config.**”
疑惑：RTC驱动中是不是有个BKP时钟没有启动，类似__HAL_RCC_BKP_CLK_ENABLE()，导致调用HAL_RTCEx_BKUPWrite()函数不能往RTC备份寄存器的RTC_BKP_DR1写入标志？

```c
//在rtc_sample.c中，粗体是在原来的基础上增加的代码
static int rtc_sample(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    rt_err_t ret = RT_EOK;
    time_t now;

/* 设置日期 */
    ret = set_date(2020, 8, 15);
    if (ret != RT_EOK)
    {
        rt_kprintf("set RTC date failed\n");
        return ret;
    }

/* 设置时间 */
    ret = set_time(16, 55, 0);
    if (ret != RT_EOK)
    {
        rt_kprintf("set RTC time failed\n");
        return ret;
    }
    **HAL_PWR_EnableBkUpAccess();//取消备份区域写保护**
    **HAL_RTCEx_BKUPWrite(&RTC_Handler,RTC_BKP_DR1,BKUP_REG_DATA);//标记已经初始化过了**
    
    /* 延时3秒 */
    rt_thread_mdelay(3000);

/* 获取时间 */
    now = time(RT_NULL);
    rt_kprintf("%s\n", ctime(&now));

return ret;
}
```

```c
//在rtc.c中，粗体是在原来的基础上增加的代码
static void date(uint8_t argc, char **argv)
{
    if (argc == 1)
    {
        time_t now;
        /* output current time */
        now = time(RT_NULL);
        rt_kprintf("%.*s", 25, ctime(&now));
    }
    else if (argc >= 7)
    {
        /* set time and date */
        uint16_t year;
        uint8_t month, day, hour, min, sec;
        year = atoi(argv[1]);
        month = atoi(argv[2]);
        day = atoi(argv[3]);
        hour = atoi(argv[4]);
        min = atoi(argv[5]);
        sec = atoi(argv[6]);
        if (year > 2099 || year < 2000)
        {
            rt_kprintf("year is out of range [2000-2099]\n");
            return;
        }
        if (month == 0 || month > 12)
        {
            rt_kprintf("month is out of range [1-12]\n");
            return;
        }
        if (day == 0 || day > 31)
        {
            rt_kprintf("day is out of range [1-31]\n");
            return;
        }
        if (hour > 23)
        {
            rt_kprintf("hour is out of range [0-23]\n");
            return;
        }
        if (min > 59)
        {
            rt_kprintf("minute is out of range [0-59]\n");
            return;
        }
        if (sec > 59)
        {
            rt_kprintf("second is out of range [0-59]\n");
            return;
        }
        set_time(hour, min, sec);
        set_date(year, month, day);
        **HAL_PWR_EnableBkUpAccess();//取消备份区域写保护**
        **HAL_RTCEx_BKUPWrite(&RTC_Handler, RTC_BKP_DR1, BKUP_REG_DATA);//标记已经初始化过了**
    }
    else
    {
        rt_kprintf("please input: date [year month day hour min sec] or date\n");
        rt_kprintf("e.g: date 2018 01 01 23 59 59 or date\n");
    }
}
```

```c
//在drv_rtc.c中，粗体是在原来的基础上增加的代码
static rt_err_t rt_rtc_config(struct rt_device *dev)
{
    RCC_PeriphCLKInitTypeDef PeriphClkInitStruct = {0};

HAL_PWR_EnableBkUpAccess();
    PeriphClkInitStruct.PeriphClockSelection = RCC_PERIPHCLK_RTC;
//#ifdef BSP_RTC_USING_LSI
    //PeriphClkInitStruct.RTCClockSelection = RCC_RTCCLKSOURCE_LSI;
//#else
    PeriphClkInitStruct.RTCClockSelection = RCC_RTCCLKSOURCE_LSE;
//#endif
    HAL_RCCEx_PeriphCLKConfig(&PeriphClkInitStruct);

/* Enable RTC Clock */
    __HAL_RCC_RTC_ENABLE();

RTC_Handler.Instance = RTC;
    if (HAL_RTCEx_BKUPRead(&RTC_Handler, RTC_BKP_DR1) != BKUP_REG_DATA)
    {
        LOG_I("RTC hasn't been configured, please use <date> command to config.");

//#if defined(SOC_SERIES_STM32F1)
        //RTC_Handler.Init.OutPut = RTC_OUTPUTSOURCE_NONE;
        //RTC_Handler.Init.AsynchPrediv = RTC_AUTO_1_SECOND;
//#elif defined(SOC_SERIES_STM32F0)

/* set the frequency division */
//#ifdef BSP_RTC_USING_LSI
        //RTC_Handler.Init.AsynchPrediv = 0XA0;
        //RTC_Handler.Init.SynchPrediv = 0xFA;
//#else
        //RTC_Handler.Init.AsynchPrediv = 0X7F;
        //RTC_Handler.Init.SynchPrediv = 0x0130;
//#endif /* BSP_RTC_USING_LSI */

//RTC_Handler.Init.HourFormat = RTC_HOURFORMAT_24;
        //RTC_Handler.Init.OutPut = RTC_OUTPUT_DISABLE;
        //RTC_Handler.Init.OutPutPolarity = RTC_OUTPUT_POLARITY_HIGH;
        //RTC_Handler.Init.OutPutType = RTC_OUTPUT_TYPE_OPENDRAIN;
//#elif defined(SOC_SERIES_STM32F2) || defined(SOC_SERIES_STM32F4) || defined(SOC_SERIES_STM32F7) || defined(SOC_SERIES_STM32L4) || defined(SOC_SERIES_STM32H7)

/* set the frequency division */
//#ifdef BSP_RTC_USING_LSI
        //RTC_Handler.Init.AsynchPrediv = 0X7D;
//#else
        RTC_Handler.Init.AsynchPrediv = 0X7F;
//#endif /* BSP_RTC_USING_LSI */
        RTC_Handler.Init.SynchPrediv = 0XFF;

RTC_Handler.Init.HourFormat = RTC_HOURFORMAT_24;
        RTC_Handler.Init.OutPut = RTC_OUTPUT_DISABLE;
        RTC_Handler.Init.OutPutPolarity = RTC_OUTPUT_POLARITY_HIGH;
        RTC_Handler.Init.OutPutType = RTC_OUTPUT_TYPE_OPENDRAIN;
//#endif
        if (HAL_RTC_Init(&RTC_Handler) != HAL_OK)
        {
            return -RT_ERROR;
        }
        **set_time(16, 55, 0);**
        **set_date(2020, 8, 15);**
        **HAL_PWR_EnableBkUpAccess();//取消备份区域写保护**
        **HAL_RTCEx_BKUPWrite(&RTC_Handler, RTC_BKP_DR1, BKUP_REG_DATA);//标记已经初始化过了**
    }
    return RT_EOK;
}
```