RT-Thread-使用qboot通过U盘或SD卡下载程序RT-Thread问答社区

使用qboot通过U盘或SD卡下载程序

发布于 2024-05-24 14:49:15 浏览：284 订阅该版

[tocm]

由于我的设备不能联网, 又想把最新的固件下载到客户已经买的设备上, 加上客户啥也不懂, 我又不想为了更新一个程序这种小事跑一趟, 只能把固件发给客户让他保存到U盘或SD上去更新程序.

首先这是一个简要的教程, 程序我已经完成有一段时间了, 具体细节已经忘记了, 等再有机会写一个更详细的开发配置流程, 这次只把核心写出来.

单片机: STM32F407
系统: RTThread4.1.1 (bootloader和app相同)

## 基础操作

参数配置杂项代码
```C
#ifndef APPLICATIONS_APP_CONFIG_H_
#define APPLICATIONS_APP_CONFIG_H_

/**     flash              **/
#define DRV_FLASH
#ifdef DRV_FLASH
#define SPI_FLASH_BUS          "spi3"
#define SPI_FLASH_ATTACH       "spi30"
#define SPI_FLASH_DEVICE       FAL_USING_NOR_FLASH_DEV_NAME
#define FILE_SYS_PARTITION      "filesys"
#define SPI_FLASH_PATH         "/"
#define SPI_FLASH_CS_GPIO       A
#define SPI_FLASH_CS_PIN        15
#endif

#include "gpio_define.h"

#endif /* APPLICATIONS_APP_CONFIG_H_ */

#ifndef APPLICATIONS_COMMON_GPIO_DEFINE_H_
#define APPLICATIONS_COMMON_GPIO_DEFINE_H_

#define XXX_GPIOx(x)            GPIO##x
#define XXX_PINx(x)             GPIO_PIN_##x
#define GPIOx(x)                XXX_GPIOx(x)
#define PINx(x)                 XXX_PINx(x)

#endif /* APPLICATIONS_COMMON_GPIO_DEFINE_H_ */
```

挂载SPI Flash
```C
/*
 * Copyright (c) 2006-2021, RT-Thread Development Team
 *
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 *
 * Change Logs:
 * Date           Author       Notes
 * 2024-01-15     admin       the first version
 */

#include <rtthread.h>
#include <rtdevice.h>
#include "dfs_fs.h"
#include "sfud.h"
#include "drv_spi.h"
#include "spi_flash_sfud.h"
#include <fal.h>
#include "rtconfig.h"

#include "app_config.h"

#ifdef DRV_FLASH

/**
 * attach flash device in spi1 bus
 * @return
 */
static int rt_hw_spi_flash_init()
{
    rt_hw_spi_device_attach(SPI_FLASH_BUS, SPI_FLASH_ATTACH, GPIOx(SPI_FLASH_CS_GPIO), PINx(SPI_FLASH_CS_PIN));
    if (rt_sfud_flash_probe(SPI_FLASH_DEVICE, SPI_FLASH_ATTACH) == RT_NULL)
    {
        rt_kprintf("spi flash probe failed!\n");
    }
    return 0;
}
INIT_DEVICE_EXPORT(rt_hw_spi_flash_init);
//INIT_COMPONENT_EXPORT(rt_hw_spi_flash_init);

static int usr_fal_init(){
    fal_init();
    return 0;
}
INIT_COMPONENT_EXPORT(usr_fal_init);

extern int access(const char *path, int amode);
/**
 * mount flash block device
 * @return
 */
static int mnt_init()
{
#ifdef FILE_SYS_PARTITION
    struct rt_device *flash_dev = fal_blk_device_create(FILE_SYS_PARTITION);
#else
    struct rt_device *flash_dev = rt_device_find(SPI_FLASH_DEVICE);
#endif

if(flash_dev == RT_NULL){
        rt_kprintf("not found block device\n");
        return -1;
    }

if (dfs_mount(flash_dev->parent.name, SPI_FLASH_PATH, "elm", 0, 0) == 0)
    {
//        rt_kprintf("dfs mount ok\n");
#ifdef UDISK_MOUNTPOINT
        if(access(UDISK_MOUNTPOINT, 0) != 0){
            mkdir(UDISK_MOUNTPOINT, 0);
        }
#endif

#ifdef SDIO_MOUNT_PATH
        if(access(SDIO_MOUNT_PATH, 0) != 0){
            mkdir(SDIO_MOUNT_PATH, 0);
        }
#endif
    }
    else
    {
        rt_kprintf("dfs mount failed\n");
        dfs_mkfs("elm", flash_dev->parent.name);
        rt_kprintf("tried format flash device\n");
        rt_kprintf("reset device!\n");
        rt_thread_mdelay(10000);
        rt_hw_cpu_reset();
    }
    return 0;
}
INIT_ENV_EXPORT(mnt_init);

#endif
```

fal分区
```C
/*
 * Copyright (c) 2006-2021, RT-Thread Development Team
 *
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 *
 * Change Logs:
 * Date           Author       Notes
 * 2024-01-31     admin       the first version
 */
#ifndef _FAL_CFG_H_
#define _FAL_CFG_H_
#include <rtconfig.h>
#include <board.h>

#define FLASH_SIZE_GRANULARITY_16K      (16*16*1024)
#define FLASH_SIZE_GRANULARITY_64K      (2*64*1024)
#define FLASH_SIZE_GRANULARITY_128K     (5*128*1024)

#define STM32_FLASH_START_ADRESS_16K    ROM_START
#define STM32_FLASH_START_ADRESS_64K    (STM32_FLASH_START_ADRESS_16K + FLASH_SIZE_GRANULARITY_16K)
#define STM32_FLASH_START_ADRESS_128K   (STM32_FLASH_START_ADRESS_64K + FLASH_SIZE_GRANULARITY_64K)

#define RT_APP_PART_ADDR            STM32_FLASH_START_ADRESS_128K
#define NOR_FLASH_DEV_NAME          FAL_USING_NOR_FLASH_DEV_NAME

/* ===================== Flash device Configuration ========================= */
//extern const struct fal_flash_dev stm32_onchip_flash;
extern const struct fal_flash_dev stm32_onchip_flash_16k;
extern const struct fal_flash_dev stm32_onchip_flash_64k;
extern const struct fal_flash_dev stm32_onchip_flash_128k;

extern struct fal_flash_dev nor_flash0;
/* flash device table */
#define FAL_FLASH_DEV_TABLE                                          \
{                                                                    \
    &stm32_onchip_flash_16k,                                             \
    &stm32_onchip_flash_64k,                                             \
    &stm32_onchip_flash_128k,                                             \
    &nor_flash0                                                 \
}
/* ====================== Partition Configuration ========================== */
#ifdef FAL_PART_HAS_TABLE_CFG
/* partition table */
#define FAL_PART_TABLE                                                                      \
{                                                                                           \
    {FAL_PART_MAGIC_WORD,   "bl",           "onchip_flash_16k",     0,                FLASH_SIZE_GRANULARITY_16K,  0},  \
    {FAL_PART_MAGIC_WORD,   "prm",          "onchip_flash_64k",     0,                FLASH_SIZE_GRANULARITY_64K,  0},  \
    {FAL_PART_MAGIC_WORD,   "app",          "onchip_flash_128k",    0,                FLASH_SIZE_GRANULARITY_128K, 0},  \
    {FAL_PART_MAGIC_WORD,   "ef",           NOR_FLASH_DEV_NAME,           0,                128*1024,                    0},  \
    {FAL_PART_MAGIC_WORD,   "factory",      NOR_FLASH_DEV_NAME,           128*1024,         512*1024,                    0},  \
    {FAL_PART_MAGIC_WORD,   "download",     NOR_FLASH_DEV_NAME,           (128+512)*1024,   512*1024,                    0},  \
    {FAL_PART_MAGIC_WORD,   "filesys",      NOR_FLASH_DEV_NAME,           (128+1024)*1024,  ((8*1024)-(128+1024))*1024,  0},  \
}
#endif /* FAL_PART_HAS_TABLE_CFG */
#endif /* _FAL_CFG_H_ */
```

## 核心代码
```C
/*
 * Copyright (c) 2006-2021, RT-Thread Development Team
 *
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 *
 * Change Logs:
 * Date           Author       Notes
 * 2024-02-01     admin       the first version
 */

#include <rtthread.h>
#include "rtconfig.h"
#include <fal.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <qboot.h>

#define DBG_TAG "FW"
#define DBG_LVL DBG_LOG
#include <rtdbg.h>

#define DOWNLOAD_PART QBOOT_DOWNLOAD_PART_NAME
#define FILE_BUFF_SIZE (4*1024)
static char file_buf[FILE_BUFF_SIZE] = {0};
static const struct fal_partition * dl_part = RT_NULL;

typedef struct cpu_info
{
    union
    {
        u8 byte[12];
        u32 id[3];
    } v;
} cpu_t;

#define CPU_ID_BASE_ADDR (u32*)(0x1FFF7A10)
static cpu_t cpu_id;

int __cpu_id_init()
{
    rt_memcpy(&cpu_id, CPU_ID_BASE_ADDR, sizeof(cpu_t));
    return 0;
}
INIT_BOARD_EXPORT(__cpu_id_init);

u32 GET_CPU_ID(u8 index)
{
    return index < 3 ? cpu_id.v.id[index] : 0;
}

u32 get_id_code(){
    return GET_CPU_ID(0)^GET_CPU_ID(1)^GET_CPU_ID(2);
}

static rt_err_t check_mount(){
    rt_device_t ret;
    ret = rt_device_find("udisk0");
    if(ret != RT_NULL){
        return RT_EOK;
    }
    ret = rt_device_find("ud0-0");
    if(ret != RT_NULL){
        return RT_EOK;
    }
    return RT_ERROR;
}

static size_t get_file_size(FILE *f){
    fseek(f, 0, SEEK_END);
    size_t ret = ftell(f);
    rewind(f);
    return ret;
}

rt_err_t fw_load(const char* fw_path){
    rt_err_t ret = RT_EOK;
    char* recv_partition = DOWNLOAD_PART;

FILE *f = fopen(fw_path, "rd");
    if(f == NULL){
        LOG_E("Open file error!");
        ret = RT_ERROR;
        goto _exit;
    }
    size_t fw_file_size = get_file_size(f);
    LOG_I("Firmware file size:%d byte", fw_file_size);

if ((dl_part = fal_partition_find(recv_partition)) == RT_NULL)
    {
        LOG_E("Partition (%s) find error!\n", recv_partition);
        ret = RT_ERROR;
        goto _exit;
    }

if(fw_file_size > dl_part->len){
        LOG_E("Firmware is too large! File size (%d), '%s' partition size (%d)", fw_file_size, dl_part->name, dl_part->len);;
        ret = RT_ERROR;
        goto _exit;
    }

if (fal_partition_erase(dl_part, 0, fw_file_size) < 0)
    {
        LOG_E("Firmware download failed! Partition (%s) erase error!", dl_part->name);
        ret = RT_ERROR;
        goto _exit;
    }

int buff_block_len = fw_file_size / FILE_BUFF_SIZE;
    int buff_block_count = 0;
    size_t update_file_cur_size = 0;
    do{
        int read_size = fw_file_size > FILE_BUFF_SIZE? FILE_BUFF_SIZE:fw_file_size;
        fread(file_buf, 1, read_size, f);
        if (fal_partition_write(dl_part, update_file_cur_size, (uint8_t*)file_buf, read_size) < 0)
        {
            LOG_E("Firmware download failed! Partition (%s) write data error!", dl_part->name);
            ret = RT_ERROR;
            goto _exit;
        }
        update_file_cur_size += read_size;
        fw_file_size -= read_size;
        rt_kprintf("\r[%d/%d] %s=>download, replicating firmware file...", buff_block_count, buff_block_len, fw_path);
        buff_block_count ++;
    }while(fw_file_size != 0);

_exit:
    if(f != NULL)
        fclose(f);

return ret;
}

rt_err_t src_load(const char* src_path){
    rt_err_t ret = RT_EOK;
    DIR *dir = opendir(src_path);
    struct dirent *ent;
    if(dir == NULL){
        LOG_E("Not found dir: %s", src_path);
        ret = RT_ERROR;
        goto _exit;
    }

while((ent = readdir(dir)) != NULL){
        if(strcmp(ent->d_name, "System Volume Information") == 0)
            continue;
        rt_kprintf("copy %s ", ent->d_name);
        FILE *f_in;
        {
            char path_buff[64] = {0};
            strcat(path_buff,src_path);
            strcat(path_buff,"/");
            strcat(path_buff,ent->d_name);
            f_in = fopen(path_buff, "rb");
        }
        FILE *f_out;
        {
            char path_buff[32] = {0};
            strcat(path_buff,"/");
            strcat(path_buff,ent->d_name);
            f_out = fopen(path_buff, "wb");
        }
        size_t file_size = get_file_size(f_in);
        rt_kprintf("size: %d byte\n", file_size);

do{
            int read_size = file_size > FILE_BUFF_SIZE? FILE_BUFF_SIZE:file_size;
            fread(file_buf, 1, read_size, f_in);
            fwrite(file_buf, 1, read_size, f_out);
            if(file_size > FILE_BUFF_SIZE)
                fseek(f_out, read_size, SEEK_CUR);
            file_size -= read_size;
        }while(fseek(f_in, FILE_BUFF_SIZE, SEEK_CUR) == 0 && file_size != 0);
        fclose(f_in);
        fclose(f_out);
    }

_exit:
    if(dir != NULL)
        closedir(dir);
    return ret;
}

extern int access(const char *path, int amode);

int fw_from_udisk(){

if(check_mount() != RT_EOK){
        return 0;
    }

const char* fw_path = UDISK_MOUNTPOINT"/new.fw";
//    const char* fw_path_old = UDISK_MOUNTPOINT"/old.fw";
    const char* src_path = UDISK_MOUNTPOINT"/new_i18n";
//    const char* src_path_old = UDISK_MOUNTPOINT"/old_i18n";

LOG_I("Check the firmware in the Udisk");

if(access(fw_path, 4)!= 0){
        LOG_E("not found %s", fw_path);
    }
    else{
        if(fw_load(fw_path) == RT_EOK){
//            rename(fw_path, fw_path_old);
//            remove(fw_path);
//            LOG_I("success: %s -> %s", fw_path, fw_path_old);
            LOG_I("success: %s", fw_path);
        }
        else{
            LOG_E("load fw failed!");
        }
    }

if(access(src_path, 4)!= 0){
        LOG_E("not found %s", src_path);
    }
    else{
        if(src_load(src_path) == RT_EOK){
//            rename(src_path, src_path_old);
//            remove(src_path);
            LOG_I("success: %s", src_path);
        }
        else{
            LOG_E("load src failed!");
        }
    }

return 0;
}

int fw_copy_init(){
    qbt_hook_register(fw_from_udisk);
    return 0;
}

INIT_ENV_EXPORT(fw_copy_init);

int copy_fw(int argc, char **argv){
    if(strcmp(argv[1], "src") == 0){
        src_load(argv[2]);
    }
    else if(strcmp(argv[1], "fw") == 0) {
        fw_load(argv[2]);
    }
    else{
        rt_kprintf("src [dir_path]\n");
        rt_kprintf("fw [fw_path]\n");
    }

return 0;
}

MSH_CMD_EXPORT(copy_fw, download firmware from disk);
```
其中 `fw_load` 函数是下载固件的流程, `src_load` 是复制一些资源文件的流程

其中 `qbt_hook_register` 函数是我自己加的, 为了让把下载流程加到qboot启动流程中
在 `qboot.c` 文件里

![screenshot_image.png](https://oss-club.rt-thread.org/uploads/20240524/c890c619d13189f7d9da19f61bcef280.png)

![screenshot_image.png](https://oss-club.rt-thread.org/uploads/20240524/d9545d56e930dfdcdb1ab6d904ce628c.png)
这里注意一下, 由于U盘挂载需要时间, 所以, 启动延时不能设置太低

好这就改完了, 在app固件里设置偏移地址

![screenshot_image.png](https://oss-club.rt-thread.org/uploads/20240524/1bcf0a4816ded82078958c9ea60a5304.png)

再设置中断向量表地址对齐就可以启动app了
```C
#if 0

#include <rtthread.h>
#include <board.h>

#define RT_APP_PART_ADDR        0x08060000
static int app_vtor_reconfig(){
#define NVIC_VTOR_MASK 0xFFFFFF80
    SCB->VTOR = RT_APP_PART_ADDR & NVIC_VTOR_MASK;
    return 0;
}
INIT_BOARD_EXPORT(app_vtor_reconfig);

#endif
```